Free Essays on Environmental Justice

Environmental justice has been broadly defined as â€Å"the pursuit of equal justice and equal protection under the law for all environmental statutes and regulations without discrimination based on race, ethnicity, and /or socioeconomic status† and also as one of four related concepts including environmental equity, environmental racism, and environmental classism. Environmental justice seeks to protect minority and low-income communities from bearing a disproportionate share of pollution. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits federally funded programs and activities from discriminating on the basis of race, color, or national origin. Because many state programs are delegated by federal law, Title VI complaints have been brought against some state environmental permitting decisions that involve pollution sources near minority and low-income communities. Environmental racism can be defined as the intentional sitting of hazardous waste sites, landfills, incinerators, and polluting industries in communities inhabited mainly by African-American, Hispanics, Native Americans, Asians, migrant farm workers, and the working poor. Minorities are particularly vulnerable because they are perceived as weak and passive citizens who will not fight back against the poisoning of their neighborhoods in fear that it may jeopardize jobs and economic survival. Studies The landmark study, Toxic Wastes and Race in the United States, described the extent of environmental racism and the consequences for those who are victims of polluted environments. The study revealed that: Race was the most significant variable associated with the location of hazardous waste sites. The greatest number of commercial hazardous facilities were located in communities with the highest composition of racial and ethnic minorities. The average minority population in communities with one commercial hazardous waste facility was twice the average minor... Free Essays on Environmental Justice Free Essays on Environmental Justice Environmental justice has been broadly defined as â€Å"the pursuit of equal justice and equal protection under the law for all environmental statutes and regulations without discrimination based on race, ethnicity, and /or socioeconomic status† and also as one of four related concepts including environmental equity, environmental racism, and environmental classism. Environmental justice seeks to protect minority and low-income communities from bearing a disproportionate share of pollution. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits federally funded programs and activities from discriminating on the basis of race, color, or national origin. Because many state programs are delegated by federal law, Title VI complaints have been brought against some state environmental permitting decisions that involve pollution sources near minority and low-income communities. Environmental racism can be defined as the intentional sitting of hazardous waste sites, landfills, incinerators, and polluting industries in communities inhabited mainly by African-American, Hispanics, Native Americans, Asians, migrant farm workers, and the working poor. Minorities are particularly vulnerable because they are perceived as weak and passive citizens who will not fight back against the poisoning of their neighborhoods in fear that it may jeopardize jobs and economic survival. Studies The landmark study, Toxic Wastes and Race in the United States, described the extent of environmental racism and the consequences for those who are victims of polluted environments. The study revealed that: Race was the most significant variable associated with the location of hazardous waste sites. The greatest number of commercial hazardous facilities were located in communities with the highest composition of racial and ethnic minorities. The average minority population in communities with one commercial hazardous waste facility was twice the average minor...

The Difference Between Control Group and Experimental Group

The Difference Between Control Group and Experimental Group In an experiment, data from an experimental group is compared with data from a control group. These two groups should be identical in every respect except one: The difference between a control group and an experimental group is that the independent variable is changed for the experimental group, but is held constant in the control group. Key Takeaways: Control vs. Experimental Group The control group and experimental group are compared against each other in an experiment. The only difference between the two groups is that the independent variable is changed in the experimental group. The independent variable is controlled or held constant in the control group.A single experiment may include multiple experimental groups, which may all be compared against the control group.The purpose of having a control is to rule out other factors which may influence the results of an experiment. Not all experiments include a control group, but those that do are called controlled experiments.A placebo may also be used in an experiment. A placebo isnt a substitute for a control group because subjects exposed to a placebo may experience effects from the belief they are being tested. What Are Groups in Experiment Design? An experimental group is the group that receives an experimental procedure or a test sample. This group is exposed to changes in the independent variable being tested. The values of the independent variable and the result on the dependent variable are recorded. An experiment may include multiple experimental groups at one time. A control group is a group separated from the rest of the experiment such that the independent variable being tested cannot influence the results. This isolates the independent variables effects on the experiment and can help rule out alternative explanations of the experimental results. While all experiments have an experimental group, not all experiments require a control group. Controls are extremely useful where the experimental conditions are complex and difficult to isolate. Experiments that use control groups are called controlled experiments. A Simple Example of a Controlled Experiment A simple example of a controlled experiment may be used to determine whether or not plants need to be watered to live. The control group would be plants that are not watered. The experimental group would consist of plants that receive water. A clever scientist would wonder whether too much watering might kill the plants and would set up several experimental groups, each receiving a different amount of water. Sometimes setting up a controlled experiment can be confusing. For example, a scientist may wonder whether or not a species of bacteria needs oxygen in order to live. To test this, cultures of bacteria may be left in the air, while other cultures are placed in a sealed container of nitrogen (the most common component of air) or deoxygenated air (which likely contained extra carbon dioxide). Which container is the control? Which is the experimental group? Control Groups and Placebos The most common type of control group is one held at ordinary conditions so it doesnt experience a changing variable. For example, If you want to explore the effect of salt on plant growth, the control group would be a set of plants not exposed to salt, while the experimental group would receive the salt treatment. If you want to test whether the duration of light exposure affects fish reproduction, the control group would be exposed to a normal number of hours of light, while the duration would change for the experimental group. Experiments involving human subjects can be much more complex. If youre testing whether a drug is effective or not, for example, members of a control group may expect they will not unaffected. To prevent skewing the results, a placebo may be used. A placebo is a substance that doesnt contain an active therapeutic agent. If a control group takes a placebo, participants dont know whether they are being treated or not, so they have the same expectations as members of the experimental group. However, there is also the placebo effect to consider. Here, the recipient of the placebo experiences an effect or improvement because she believes there should be an effect. Another concern with a placebo is that its not always easy to formulate one that truly free of active ingredients. For example, if a sugar pill is given as a placebo, theres a chance the sugar will affect the outcome of the experiment. Positive and Negative Controls Positive and negative controls are two other types of control groups: Positive control groups are control groups in which the conditions guarantee a positive result. Positive control groups are effective to show the experiment is functioning as planned.Negative control groups are control groups in which conditions produce a negative outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present that were not unaccounted for, such as contaminants. Sources Bailey, R. A. (2008). Design of Comparative Experiments. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-68357-9.Chaplin, S. (2006). The placebo response: an important part of treatment. Prescriber: 16–22. doi:10.1002/psb.344Hinkelmann, Klaus; Kempthorne, Oscar (2008). Design and Analysis of Experiments, Volume I: Introduction to Experimental Design (2nd ed.). Wiley. ISBN 978-0-471-72756-9.

What is the Cold War (1917-1991) Discuss its cultural, economic, Essay

What is the Cold War (1917-1991) Discuss its cultural, economic, political, religious, and social dimensions - Essay Example between the two power blocs, which led to an international power struggle with both parties vying for control and dominance, exploiting every chance for expansion anywhere in the world. This supremacy battle led to the Cold War, which was a state of military and political tension after World War II between the Western bloc and the Eastern bloc. This paper discusses how the cold war shaped the socio-political and economic landscape of the U.S. As the cold war came to dominance, most of American policies toward the rest of the world, attitudes about immigration and immigration policies began to change. â€Å"The increasing prevalence of an internationalist ideology led to the passage and implementation of the Displaced Persons Acts of 1948 and 1950, which brought more than 400,000 European refugees into the US...†( McLaughlin & Mary, 15). By the early 1960s, calls to reform U.S immigration policy had increased, majorly because of the growing strength of the civil rights movement. The focus of civil rights movement was the importance of equal treatment regardless of nationality or race; this led many to view the quota system that was in place since 1920 as backward and discriminatory. The Congress debated and eventually passed the Immigration and Naturalization Act of 1965(McLaughlin & Mary, 76).This Act greatly changed the face of the American population. The US has been involved in many wars with different objectives and results. However, one thing stands out from the wars that the U.S has been involved in, that is, the wars have served as crusades of political instruments. The only war that was exception to these objectives was the Korean and Vietnam wars. The war was a cold war-era proxy war that started in November 1955 and lasted for 20 years. The war had far-reaching consequences for the US. Many lives were lost; â€Å"†¦.US lost more than 58,000 soldiers while more than 150,000 soldiers were wounded† (Hosch, 43). These harsh consequences led the Congress to

Human resource management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Human resource management - Essay Example The participants in the organization will be particularly asked for the pay increase which would satisfy them the most. Then based on the feedback the management could arrive at a decision which would at most satisfy the majority of the employees. This is very vital because this way JVA Crop can save hundreds of thousands of dollars by holding back the talent that is working at present for the company. In addition to this performance of the same persons can be increased and thus the company’s goals can be achieved easily (Katkowski et al, 2002). If the employee feels that his present position at the company will benefit them personally then it is obvious that production activity of the company increases and also such staff is far less probable to look for employment elsewhere Mitra et al. (1997). Also Lagging Indicator and Leading Indicator mode of appraisal will be introduced. This means that the lag performance of an employee will indicate the achievements of the employee for a particular period after which his performance will be evaluated and he will be rewarded or punished accordingly. Lead Indicator is an activity which indicates the supposed to-be-done activity for his goals to be achieved (Transparent HR processeshttp: //www.infosys.com/HCM/case-studies/telenet-case-study.asp retrieved on 4th October 2009). The entire above said mode can be effectively applied to JVA Corp to bring the organization back on the track where it was before the terrorist attack of 2001. Not only this, the company will be benefited and will be able to retain its present employees who are star performers. Katkowski, D. A., Medsker, G. J., Pritchard, K. H. (2002). Literature review of â€Å"acceptable† or â€Å"just noticeable different† pay increases. Poster presented at the 17th annual meeting of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, April, 2002, Toronto,

Oscar ceremony Essay Example for Free

Oscar ceremony Essay An informative speech is strictly regulated. It should meet certain norms of presentation: 1) A model length of an informative speech is up to 7 minutes; 2) Visual aids are welcome but their role is limited to illustrating the verbal message; 3) The speech should be based upon credible sources which should be cited during the presentation; 4) Using notes is acceptable but a fluent memorized presentation is ideal. 5) An excessive use of emotions is prohibited whereas the use of non-verbal communicative means (confident posture, measured gestures, stable eye-contact) is highly praised; 6) The language of an informative speech should be simple, logical, and laconic. Bright imagery can somewhat embellish the speech when used appropriately. Topics/basic concepts Although it impossible to enumerate all the topics that can be suitable for an informative speech, it is generally accepted that an informative speech should be dedicated to some recent technical or medical investigations, unexpected facts and unusual events. This is a sample list of themes for an informative speech: famous lives, glorious deeds, history of creating a book, etc Outline An informative speech should be carefully structured so that such elements as introduction, body and conclusion could be clearly identified. Specific for an informative speech structure are a thesis statement and an organizational preview in the introduction. A generalized outline of an informative speech includes parts as follows: 1) Introduction: Declaring the speech topic; Attracting the attention of your listeners to the problem you are going to reveal; Making a thesis statement; Providing a brief preview of aspects of the problem that will be illuminated in the speech; 2) Body: giving a point-by-point revelation of the speech topic. 3) Conclusion: Making a cumulative review of the information provided; Referring to the introduction and ending the speech up with a startling conclusion. ++ Samples /while browsing through these, make sure you identify the structure/ Oscar ceremony The grandeur of the Oscar ceremony is well predicted, as well as an Oscar earned or an Oscar managed celebrity-chic that can be a great illusion of our time. Extravagant gowns, expensive jewelry, fantastic makeup, and all teeth smiles this years glamorously floating celebrities lightly touch the red carpet with their expensive footwear, later to worship, with all Academy voters, Slumdog, a tear shedding rags-to-riches saga that squeezed eight Oscars, including best director and best picture. The Oscar ceremony is endangered by commercialization. In the past it used to reward talent and art. Now, it is a well established tradition, a show of its own right. Yet, repeated over eighty times, this ceremony is unlikely to turn into a routine event. It sticks to the rules of the game with all the fever of a hot entertaining event. I have watched the TV version of the ceremony, so the following are my first-hand impressions. I would like to admit that nothing special was noticeable during the ceremony. Standout moments were Sean Penns calling the academy a bunch of commie homo-loving sons of guns and Dustin Lance Blacks address to the gay audience. Kate Winslet had proved that patience (five previous nominations) would bear fruit. Her Titanic never sank. Woody Allen had  prepared the fifth supporting acting Oscar, this time it was Penelope whose surname means in Spanish Saint. The evenings screw up was an innovative technique used while handling an annual favorite. It was a recognized failure. The ceremony was reviewed from different angles. A big fashion trend glorified red, white, and black one-shouldered gowns. Marisa Tomeis pale gray Versace, Kate Winslets Yves Saint Laurent one-shoulder slate blue and black gown, Anne Hathaways strapless silver beaded Armani Prove gown or Penelope Cruz fairy-tale white gown from Pierre Balmain were in contrast with the slum scenes from the best picture. The Oscar ceremony, almost perfect, is over. Everything is glamorous, gorgeous, and traditionally well staged. The reporters doubt that all fuss about the best picture opened new horizons in cinematography. The Oscar ceremony is still a great event, pompous and costly. It is about fashion and success, good fun and commercialized entertainment. I wish it were more about the art of cinematography. Coping with depression Depression is a psychological state that is hard to cure, hard to live with, and hard to endure. A depressed person lives in a nightmarish world, darkened by pessimism and dulled by unwillingness to act. This devastating and destructive state has a negative impact on the individual. It drains energy, evaporates optimism and enthusiasm, and paralyzes hope. It distorts the world and substantially reduces the pleasure of living. It may lead to repetitive suicidal thoughts that can end in self-destruction. I have consulted psychological literature to give you some tips how develop a step-by-step program to overcome depression. People suffer from depression for many reasons. They become depressed when all they do seems to become a failure. They get worried about their inability to realize their plans. They get shelled in loneliness. They get nervous and easily irritated. They find their lives unstable and hopeless. They lack safety and become vulnerable to outside influences. Depression is  a hazardous state, especially when you allow it to invade your body and mind. As soon as you realize that something is wrong with your state of mind, turn to help without hesitation. Now, I will give you some anti-depression tips. First of all, stay focused on what you are doing. Start with a small goal and fulfill it: go to a shop, take a short walk, or make a telephone call. Just start taking action and stick to doing it. Second, develop supportive relationship, turning to people who love you and whom you love. Refrain from retreating into yourself, sharing a meal, emailing, accompanying your friend to the movies, confide in a counselor or clergy member. Third, get interested in your own life. For this, have eight hours of sleep, practice relaxation techniques, and go easy on yourself. Why not to practice yoga or tai chi? Why not to introduce a meditative element to your life? Fourth, get regular exercise. Fifth, eat healthy food. Sixth, avoid negative thinking and negative emotions. Finally, ask for help if you cannot overcome your depression without outside aid. Now, you must embark on the road to depression recovery. Remember: action is the best anti-depressant for you. Look at the world from a new perspective: integrate into it on equal terms. Life is given only once, and you have no time to waste it. Not a single moment to spare! As soon as the world starts changing, you will keep a stronger touch with it. You will realize that inward problems are mainly our own creations, our own illusions, our own misunderstandings. Share your doubts with the world, and you be understood in return. It is easiest to shut your heart and pretend that loneliness is desirable. A white lie! Out of depression to communicate with people to establish relationships and depression will quietly go away! I do not think it will be welcomed again! How to build a happy marriage A clear-cut tendency is observed today: neither men nor women are in a hurry to marry. The growing independence of women, reluctant to do all housework and bear the main burden of childrens upbringing, sacrificing career growth, is one of the causes of the changes in family formation. A happy  marriage may be built only on love, tolerance, mutual understanding, equality, and respect. The problem is important because materially both husband and wife are now in many cases on equal terms. More and more women demonstrate higher levels of education than men, More and more women compete with men, holding leadership positions in business, politics and social life. As the result, women become materially independent. They are not materially tied to a family anymore. When they marry, they enrich their world that is now built on kinship, love, safety, quality leisure time activities in which all family members are involved. A family develops a collective feeling of interconnectedness, which is opposed to loneliness. Joy and duty, love and care, discipline and kindness all these are taken together in a family as a pillar of stable social development. I have talked to married people in search of a happy family recipe. I want to share some of my findings with you. A happy marriage is based on intimacy and commitment. It is a bond that outgrows passion as the feature of romantic love. It is a bond that is based on mutual respect and the feeling as if both husband and wife were in many respects one. It is a way of constructing lifestyle, emphasizing intimate relationship and devotion to a person of your choice. It is confidence in the stable character of marriage, reinforced by having kids. Although even happy marriages tend to undergo changes, they never change the high quality of relating to each other. People are happy to be together, to share opinions, to spend time together, to make plans, which is inherent in their attitudes to each other. Happy marriages are tested, like others, by time, material difficulties, hardships, deteriorating health, fluctuations of mood, identity development, and the like. Happy marriages, unlike others, never ruin fundamentals of relationship: commitment is so deep that no difficulty can destroy it, since both spouses know how to help and support each other. Happy marriages cherish happy memories, and they cannot destroy these memories when one of the spouses has a temporary temptation to experience something new. On the contrary, happy marriages are full of wisdom, consensus, and their happiness is rooted in a unique feeling of freedom that ties up to a happy marriage experience more than anything else. They cultivate universal love, which is care, understanding, and tolerance  to human weaknesses. Happy marriages are built by people who worship communication, interaction, and cannot live without sharing all they have in their hearts and souls. There is no couple that would not like to create a happy marriage. Only very few families can build long-term relationships that stick to happiness even under unfavorable circumstances. I have talked to married people who are happy in their own way. They feel the aura of happiness and advise others to be tolerant. A happy marriage is an ideal construct that is like a dream that cannot be realized without hard work, creating a relationship and being happy in the process of its creation. I wish you thought over my information. Do not waste your time. Test your own willingness to be perfect in your relationship. Prove that a happy marriage may be a reality. How to improve your conversational skills The feeling of being tongue-tied is familiar to many of us. We admire people who can express their thoughts with fluency and confidence. Some people think that a conversational skill is a gift, while others believe that this is the result of training. A blabbermouth monopolizes the conversation, turning it into a monologue. I have known a person who was able to talk to anybody with invariable energy and interest. He impressed people by his conversational eloquence. In business communication, conversational skills are an asset to a persons ability to persuade and negotiate the meaning. Conversational skills are necessary for successful career growth and our pleasant interaction with other people. Commitment and consistency are fundamental to improving conversational skills. People with conversational skills have more friends and better chances in life, for they know how to promote their ideas and establish relationships. I am going to inform you about the nature of conversational skil ls, and then I will give you some practical tips that you may find useful. Conversational skills are special tools that make a conversation go. They are learned and trained to become automatic. They control questions, control feedback; help break the ice during unwanted pauses, give an idea of open-ended questions that drive a conversation, elaborate a theme. They are  about shifts to another theme, the use of semantic means, combined body language and verbal speech. Conversational skills make people comfortable while talking to each other. Now, I will give you five ways to improve your conversational techniques. First of all, the speakers should show interest in each other. Healthy curiosity heats up interest. When you ask questions, you intend to be given a response that can drive the conversation. Second, remember that a conversation is a dialogue with well-balanced talking and listening. Skilful speakers monitor themselves, taking control over taking turns. If you get skilled in taking turns, even talking a little, you will perfect your conversational skills. Third, give genuine compliments for the actions the person who you are talking to has done. This appraisal must be specific and will do wonders if followed by a tag question. Fourth, your paralanguage may speak louder than words. Bodily expressions have a meaning of their own. Fifth, a skilful speaker employs What, where, when, who, how, and if questions. Conversational skills are acquired through special training. They help master the art of conversation as a meaning exchange of human thoughts. People are often clumsy and tongue-tied when expressing their thoughts and feelings. They need conversational eloquence, which may be achieved by using conversational techniques. Practice conversational skills with a smile, and this learned art will be yours at the moment when you need it most. London fashion week Fashion has become a large part of identity making in the post-human world in which people play dress-up with their clothing. Fashionable clothes reinvent people as sexual, desirable, and enigmatic. We care about what we wear a great deal because our culture emphasizes an outward appearance. Fashion changes every season, squeezing our wallets. A gorgeous event London fashion week attracts all lovers of fashion from all over the world. It was held in March, using the official London Fashion Week Catwalk. This 450-seater catwalk celebrates the best of the best British  designers of clothes. The event was well advertised. You can surf this events Internet page to enjoy beautiful pictures that covered it up. It was the embodiment of luxury and power, having proved again and again that fashion is in a constant state of flux, generating fantastic new styles and new feelings. Demonstrations of fashionable trends are amusing and inviting to copy trendy features, visible to an eye. First, I will inform you what hot trends London fashion week has promoted. Second, I will inform you why London Fashion Week is so popular. This seasons trends are inspired by cinema, popular culture, and religious icons, with glamour, creativity, and modest beauty combined. Domestic goddess, African Queen or Ethereal Nude, inspires SS/09 wardrobe. All the freshest trends, hot off the catwalk of London, are enjoyable. It is not only a pleasure of renovating your image and counting the money to be spent on the fashionable trendy designer clothes but also a mission to introduce others, less fussy about trendy things, to a new fashionable trend that every show promises. London Fashion Weekend is a single event that gives access to a large number of London Fashion Week designers, classic labels, and the hottest trendy garments. 150 designers are not only showing their newest designs but also selling ready-to-wear pieces at a bargain (at least it is advertised so) price. You may choose from Christopher Fischer, Collado Garcia, Crumpet, Belle Bunty, Ben de Lisi, Alice McCall, Garguz, Inexcess Dashion, Janet Reger, John Smedley, Karl Doroghue, Sass Bide, Nicky Dupont, Madeleine Press, My Lovely Jeans, and some others. This years new designers are Luella, Richard Nicoll, Emma Cook, and Eley Kishimota. All of them pursue their philosophy of fashion that can be made out only when all is seen as one trendy entity in color, cut, and accessories. You may not be chasing fashion but you cant be indifferent because fashion is inherent in our culture and people are always impressed by those who know the taste of trendiest trends. Our appearance depends on what we are wrapped in; fashion is about our social status, success, individualism, and good taste. We like clothes that wear well. We dream of clothes that impress. We desire clothes that make us aggressively gorgeous

History and Development of Robotics Essay -- Robotics Robot

Robotics ABSTRACT This paper discusses three aspects of the field of robotics The first is the history of where the ideas of robotics originated. Second, what was the effect that these ideas had on society? Finally, what developments in the field have proved to be useful to society? INTRODUCTION "Klatuu verita nicto!" These are the words spoken to turn away the robot that would destroy the earth in the movie The Day the Earth Stood Still. Hollywood has portrayed the robot as both a friend and an enemy. In many instances, such as in The Day the Earth Stood Still, they can be controlled, but if one gets loose it will cause great destruction. In the Star Wars trilogy their are three robotic characters that play large roles. Two of the robots, C3PO and R2D2, are friendly and harmless. They are both on the side of good. However, they are contrasted by Darth Vader, who being partially man, but mostly robot, is portrayed as the antagonist of all that is good. Not only Hollywood, but also science fiction literature has helped to produce certain expectations concerning what a robot should look like and how it should act. The result of these expectations has not always been good for the field of robotics. Some would say the attempt to make a robot is an attempt to 'play god' and to recreate man. Others would argue that robots might become so intelligent that they would take over and replace humans. There is no better example of this than the movie Terminator, which begins with a world ruled by machines who are trying to kill the remaining human population. The actual field of robotics however, has produced many products which we take for granted. The clock is a household item that was developed in the beginning stages of machine ... ...ics and we have only begun to see what they are. Precautions must be taken for the future, but the developments already made have produced great benefit and far outweigh any fearful expectations about the dangers of robotics. 1. Bonnett, Kendra, and Gene Oldfield. Everyone Can Build a Robot. New York: Simon & Schuster, Inc, 1984. p 2. 2. Asimov, Isaac, and Karen A. Frankel. ROBOTS: Machines in Man's Image. New York: Harmony Books, 1985. p 2. 3. Ibid. p 4. 4. Ibid. p 1 - 2. 5. Ibid. p 1 - 2. 6. Aleksander, Igor, and Piers Burnett. REINVENTING MAN: The Robot Becomes Reality. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1983. p 25. 7. Asimov and Frankel, p 12. 8. Ibid. p 19. 9. Aleksander and Burnett, p 19 - 20. 10. 10. Ibid. p 19 - 20. 11. http:www.kipr.org 12. Ibid. 13. http://mpfwww.jpl.nasa.gov/rovercom/rovintrot.html 14. Ibid.

Love and Human Person Essay

1. Phenomenology is a way of seeing, of grasping the world from one’s lived experience, and as a method makes much use of epochà © and the phenomenological reductions to describe man’s experiences. 2. Using secondary reflection on my lived experience, I discover the inescapable fact of my existence: I exist as a being-in-the-world-with others, and this is because of the datum called my body. My body encroaches upon both being and having. * 3. As an embodied spirit, I am facticity-transcendence, temporality and historicity. All these are manifested in my being a homo faber. Work is a way for me to express and liberate myself, and to humanize the world. 4. Consciousness is intentional. Human knowing is a dialectical unity of the subject’s openness to reality and the self-givenness of reality in an endless series of profiles against a horizon of other possible objects. 5. At first glance, freedom and responsibility mean the capacity to choose, to act on my own, to be the source of my concrete actions and to be accountable for them. But as I gradually unfold in the world, I become free and â€Å"response-able.† Authentic freedom then develops into a â€Å"self-possession with an objectively directed project of life.† 6. Dialogue is not identical with love but it is required in love. The obstacles to dialogue are seeming, speechifying and imposition. 7. Love is the unconditional giving of oneself to the other as other. Love of the other as other does not run counter to self-love but presupposes it. Love is â€Å"essentially a movement tending to the enhancement of value.† (Scheler) 8. Justice is the minimum demand of love rooted in the inviolability of the human person. 9. The socius exists as a dialectic to the neighbor. The neighbor passes through the socius, expresses itself on the fringes of the socius or rises against the socius. 10. The family is not a problem but a mystery, a value and a presence, the incarnation of the pact between the human persons and life, rooted in creative fidelity and hope. 11. The state exists to provide the external conditions and structure for the human person’s being-with-others. The principles of solidarity and subsidiary are important to counteract the totalitarian tendency of the state and to promote the value of democracy. As a political being, the human person has a double-duty towards the state. 12. Civil society, as distinct from the state, the economy and political parties, offers an alternative framework for sustainable societal development, and resolves the contradictions of elite versus participative democracy, rights-oriented liberalism versus communitarianism, and welfare state versus neoconservative antistatism. 13. In being-towards-death, one’s existence can be either inauthentic or authentic (Heidegger). Death is a test of love and the condition of freedom (Troisfontaines). 14. Human love in itself, which is the crowning point of all of my activities, does not guarantee my total fulfillment as a person but fails short of my search for authenticity. Thus reflecting on my historicity, and facing the inescapable fact of death, I long for the Absolute Thou who is the Horizon and Ground of my earthly existence.

William Jennings Bryan

Much like the Republican problems during the 1892 election, in which Grover Cleveland won his second term of office, the Democratic Party faced problems in the 1896 election. Cleveland, who had won on the strength of labor unions and his policy on monetary policy, lost on both of his signature issues. His use of the military during a railroad strike in 1894 and his comment that he would he would commission the military to do government services if the postal service struck did not endear himself to the growing labor movement within the Democratic Party. These blunders caused the Republicans to gain over 100 House seats and control over the Senate in the 1894 midterm elections. The Populist Party reached a critical juncture in 1896. At the 1896 Democratic nominating convention, the more progressive aspects of the party rallied behind Nebraskan politician William Jennings Bryan. Bryan, a proponent of silver currency, gave a speech now referred to as the â€Å"Cross of Gold† speech in which he derided the Republican administration of monetary policy in the past and hoped for a more populist approach to government in the future. The Democrats rallied behind Bryan and the platform reflected not only his populist agenda but their future fusion with the People’s Party to create a more progressive and rural party. The Democratic platform included advocacy for free silver and the possibility of international bimetallism, a federal income tax, statehood for Western territories, and a decreased tariff. When the People’s Party met at their nominating convention, they voted to fuse their candidates to the Democratic Party and pool resources with the more organized Democrats. The Republican Party, resurgent with their congressional success in 1894, rallied around Ohio governor William McKinley, the namesake of the 1890 tariff bill that was hotly contested in this decade. McKinley and the Republicans shaped a platform around the gold standard, an increase in protective tariffs more vigorous navy, increased standards for immigration, the acquisition of Hawaii, and an opposition to the idea of bimetallism. His monetary policy shifted miners and the lower class towards Bryan, but his measured platform managed to keep labor and business happy. The two campaigns had contrasting styles. William Jennings Bryan crisscrossed the nation giving stump speeches that were both fiery and inspiring to Democratic activists. However, Bryan lost gold Democrats and progressives who were turned off by his policy towards the economy and towards his focus on rural populations. The McKinley campaign, managed by Republican operative Mark Hanna, received several million dollars in donations to aid in the Republican campaign. For the most part, Hanna got these donations out of businesses and the wealthy that were afraid of a Bryan presidency and agrarian revolt. McKinley ran a front porch campaign while 1400 plus Republican speakers went around the nation stumping against the â€Å"radical† William Jennings Bryan. While Bryan did well in the West and the South, the more densely populated industrial North and Midwest went to McKinley who was able to win the election. If Bryan had won the election, things would have been vastly different. â€Å"No one can make a million dollars honestly. † – Bryan was widely regarded as a prominent spokesman for millions of rural Americans who were suffering from the economic depression following the Panic of 1893. William Jennings Bryan believed in free and unlimited coinage of silver, which he thought would remedy the economic ills then plaguing farmers and industrial workers. This inflationary measure would have increased the amount of money in circulation and aided cash-poor and debt-burdened farmers. He blamed big business for the economic depression that was present. If elected President of the United States, he would have advanced his idea for free coinage of silver. Although this would have been beneficial for the majority of farmers, many of the rest of the population would have been extremely unhappy. The big business partners would have gotten together and plotted for the assignation for William Jennings Bryan; which would have been successful. Bryan should have never messed with big business because, they mean business. â€Å"Destiny is no matter of chance. It is a matter of choice. It is not a thing to be waited for, it is a thing to be achieved. † I believe that it was William Jennings Bryan’s destiny to lose the election of 1896 so that he would not be assassinated. It was for the better of the country that he had not won the election. The economic strategy of farming for the country was coming to an end regardless.

Using the Spanish Verb Decir

Using the Spanish Verb Decir Decir is the is one of the most commonly used verbs in Spanish; it typically is the equivalent of to say or to tell in English. Examples of Using Decir Usage of decir is straightforward for English speakers. Context will tell you whether say or tell is the better translation.  ¿Quà © dices? (What do you say?)Ella me dijo que iba a volver. (She told me she was going to return.)El presidente dice que su misià ³n central es relanzar la economà ­a. (The president says his prime mission is to relaunch the economy.)Yo digo que nuestro sistema de justicia es un cachondeo. (I say that our justice system is a joke.)A decir verdad no me gusta. (To tell the truth, I dont like it.)Nos decimos que nos amamos. (Were telling ourselves we love each other.) ¿Cà ³mo se dice airport en espaà ±ol? (How do you say airport in Spanish?) ¿Por quà © decimos sà ­ cuando queremos decir no? (Why do we say yes when we want to say no?) Grammar Involving Decir When someone is told something, the person to whom something is told is represented by an indirect-object pronoun. The logic behind this is that the thing being said is the direct object, while an indirect object represents the person affected by what is said. Le dije adià ³s. (I told him goodbye.) ¿Quà © le vamos a decir a la gente? (What are we going to tell the people?)Les decimos que no estn solos. (Were telling them that they are not alone.) In general, decir que (to say that) is followed by a verb in the indicative mood, but no decir que is followed by a verb in the subjunctive. Dije que somos amigos. (I said that we are friends.)No dije que seamos amigos. (I did not say that we are friends.)Decimos que nuestro paà ­s tiene futuro. (We are saying that our country has a future.)No decimos que nuestro paà ­s tenga futuro. (We arent saying that our country has a future.) Common Expressions Using Decir Se dice que or dicen que can be used for the equivalent of it is said that or they say that: Dicen que nadie es perfecto. (They say nobodys perfect.) ¿Por quà © se dice que el mezcal es una bebida mgica? (Why do they say that mezcal is a magic drink?)Se dice que hay hadas en este bosque. (It is said that there are fairies in this forest.) Es decir can translate phrases such as in other words, that is to say, and meaning. Los espacios blancos dan la perspectiva de mas espacio es decir dan la sensacià ³n de ampliacion de los espacios. (The white spaces give the perspective of more space. In other words, they give the feeling of the spaces being expanded.)Hay muchos usuarios de Linux, es decir Ubuntu, Fedora, etc. (There are many users of Linux, that is to say Ubuntu, Fedora, and so on.)Machu Picchu recibià ³ a 1419,507 visitantes en 2016, es decir 3889 por dà ­a. (Machu Picchu hosted 1,419,507 visitors in 2016, meaning 3,878 daily.) Conjugation of Decir The conjugation of decir is highly irregular; it is irregular in every tense except for the imperfect. Changes are made to both the stem and the ending. Also, the present participle and past participles are diciendo and dicho, respectively. Here are the conjugations in the present, preterite, and future indicative tenses: Present: Yo digo, tà º dices, usted/à ©l/ella dice, nosotros/nosotras decimos, vosotros decà ­s, ustedes/ellos/ellas dicen (I say, you say, you/he/she says, etc.) Preterite: Yo dije, tà º dijiste, usted/à ©l/ella dijo, nosotros/nosotras dijimos, vosotros dijisteis, ustedes/ellos/ellas dijeron (I said, you said, you/he/she said, etc.) Future: Yo dirà ©, tà º dirs, usted/à ©l/ella dir, nosotros/nosotras diremos, vosotros dirà ©is, ustedes/ellos/ellas dirn (I will say, you will say, you/he/she will say, etc.) Spanish has several verbs based on decir that are conjugated in the same way. Among the most common are contradecir (to contract) and bendecir (to bless). Key Takeaways Decir is a common verb that means to do or to say.Decir is conjugated irregularly in most of its forms.Se dice que is a popular say of saying they say that.

How to Read and Write Files in Perl

How to Read and Write Files in Perl Perl is an ideal language for working with files. It has the basic capability of any shell script and advanced tools, such as regular expressions, that make it useful. In order to work with Perl files, you first need to learn how to read and write to them. Reading a file is done in Perl by opening a filehandle to a specific resource. Reading a File in Perl In order to work with the example in this article, youll need a file for the Perl script to read. Create a new text document called  data.txt  and place it in the same directory as the Perl program below. In the file itself, just type in a few names - one per line: When you run the script, the output should be the same as the file itself. The script is simply opening the specified file and looping through it line by line, printing each line as it goes. Next, create a filehandle called MYFILE, open it, and point it at the  data.txt file. Then use a simple while loop to automatically read each line of the data file one at a time. This places the value of each line in the temporary variable $_ for one loop. Inside the loop, use the chomp function to clear off the newlines from the end of each line and then print the value of $_ to show that it was read. Finally, close the filehandle to finish out the program. Writing to a File in Perl Take the same data file you worked with while learning to read a file in Perl. This time, you will write to it. To write to a file in Perl, you must open a filehandle and point it at the file youre writing. If youre using Unix, Linux or a Mac, you might also need to double-check your file permissions to see if your Perl script is allowed to write to the data file. If you run this program and then run the program from the previous section on reading a file in Perl, youll see that it added one more name to the list. In fact, every time you run the program, it adds another Bob to the end of the file. This is happening because the file was opened in  append  mode. To open a file in append mode, just prefix the filename with the  Ã‚  symbol. This tells the open function that you want to write to the file by tacking more onto the end of it. If  instead,  you want to overwrite the existing file with a new one, you use the  Ã‚  single greater than symbol to tell the open function that you want a fresh file each time. Try replacing the with a and you see that the data.txt file is cut down to a single name - Bob - each time you run the program. Next, use the print function to print the new name to the file. You print to a filehandle by following the print statement with the filehandle. Finally, close the filehandle to finish out the program.

The Divine Feminine in Buddhist Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Divine Feminine in Buddhist Art - Essay Example It was therefore enlightening to note that under Buddhism as practiced in the land of ancient China, women have traditionally been accorded a position not only of respect but even reverence. Case in point is Kuan Yin, the divine feminine, goddess of healing and compassion and a bodhisattva which meant enlightened (bodhi) existence (sattva). A bodhisattva is a being who foregoes or postpones entering Nirvana in order to come to the aid of others. Kuan Yin was encountered during the Module 4 cyberjourney to the video on the Thousand Hand Buddha Chinese dance (also entitled Thousand Hand Guan Yin). The dance itself was highly inspirational and embodies both spectacle and symbolism; the thousand hands represented the ready and willing help that arrives when one individual is in need of assistance, and the readiness of that individual to come to the help of others who may be in need. Other than the technical exquisiteness of the dance, the allure of the beautiful young Chinese womanâ€⠄¢s face at the head of the line of dancers was exceedingly serene, benevolent, and unmistakably, mystically feminine. Unlike the Western denominations where all images of God and their ministers and pastors were all men, Buddhism appears to look favorably upon the power of women.

Economic Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Economic Report - Essay Example Percent Change in real GDP: As is evident from the description of the GDP figures, the percentage changes in real GDP during the period happened to be in proportion. In 1982 the negative growth of GDP indicates towards some serious issues in the domestic economic environment. But thereafter, the growth percentage has been consistent and positive. Year 1984 saw the maximum increase in percentage terms. Civilian Unemployment Rate: The year 1982 is once again seen as the problematic year for the country with the overall unemployment rate rising to 9.7 percent, the highest during the tenure. The gradual decline of the unemployment rate in later years during the tenure points towards the people friendly policies taken up by the government of Ronald Reagan. Civilian Unemployment Rate by Demographic Characteristics: Dividing the unemployment rate demographically, we find that that the Black population seems to be the worst affected. The situation is particularly severe in the age groups of young black community (16-19 yrs). Though it improves somewhat after that, but still things remain worrying for community. Consumer Price Index: The CPI did not see major shakeup during the tenure of President Ronald Reagan. The index saw a consistent rise from 1981 to 1989. The index seems to have spread well over different items, with goods and services forming the major component flaring up the consumer price index. Starting with the overall consumer price index of 90.6 in 1981, the country saw the index rising to 124 by the year 1989. Changes in Consumer Price Indexes for commodities and services: During the entire tenure of President Reagan, except the year 1986, the CPI rates of growth were very high. During this year the energy consumption seems to be one of the lowest actually, with negative growth of 19.7. George H.W. Bush (1989-1993): The tenure of Bush senior too remained quite eventful in the sense that the world saw major